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Introduction

Abraham Lincoln

Alexander

Amanitore

Ambiorix

Basil II

Bà Triệu

Catherine de Medici (Black Queen)

Catherine de Medici (Magnificence)

Chandragupta

Cleopatra (Egyptian)

Cleopatra (Ptolemaic)

Cyrus

Dido

Eleanor of Aquitaine (England)

Eleanor of Aquitaine (France)

Elizabeth I

Frederick Barbarossa

Gandhi

Genghis Khan

Gilgamesh

Gitarja

Gorgo

Hammurabi

Harald Hardrada (Konge)

Harald Hardrada (Varangian)

Hojo Tokimune

Jadwiga

Jayavarman VII

João III

John Curtin

Julius Caesar

Kristina

Kublai Khan (China)

Kublai Khan (Mongolia)

Kupe

Lady Six Sky

Lautaro

Ludwig II

Mansa Musa

Matthias Corvinus

Menelik II

Montezuma

Mvemba a Nzinga

Nader Shah

Nzinga Mbande

Pachacuti

Pedro II

Pericles

Peter

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Qin (Mandate of Heaven)

Qin (Unifier)

Ramses II

Robert the Bruce

Saladin (Sultan)

Saladin (Vizier)

Sejong

Seondeok

Shaka

Simón Bolívar

Suleiman (Kanuni)

Suleiman (Muhteşem)

Sundiata Keita

Tamar

Teddy Roosevelt (Bull Moose)

Teddy Roosevelt (Rough Rider)

Theodora

Tokugawa

Tomyris

Trajan

Victoria (Age of Empire)

Victoria (Age of Steam)

Wilfrid Laurier

Wilhelmina

Wu Zetian

Yongle

Kupe
Unique Ability

Kupe's Voyage

Begin the game in an Ocean tile. Gain a free Builder and +1 Population when settling your first city. The Palace receives +3 Housing and +1 Amenity. +2 Science and +2 Culture per turn before you settle your first city.

Summary
As the only civilization that starts with access to ocean navigation, the Maori have a unique opportunity to choose a desirable coastal homeland that they can cherish and protect.
Detailed Approach
The Maori start the game with Kupe leading them on their voyage across the sea from their mythical homeland of Hawaiki. They must scout for a choice spot to settle and then use their powerful initial city to get caught up quickly. They tread gently on the environment, avoiding clearing forests and harvesting resources, but getting strong yields immediately from coastal and woodland resources. Upon unlocking the Toa, they should make sure their empire is well-defended with a series of Pa fortresses; set up effectively they make any attempt at attacking the Maori exceptionally costly.
Historical Context
According to legend, Kupe is the mythical navigator who sailed from Hawaiki to a new and undiscovered island, thus establishing the Maori people in New Zealand. But this is merely a myth, and the story of the Kupe myth and how it came to occupy a prominence in the culture of New Zealand is an interesting study in its own right.

Some ethnographers refer to an “orthodox” Kupe myth, generally attributed to Stephenson Percy Smith (who in turn credits various Maori sources, and who refers to himself as the “translator.”) In this myth, Kupe was a great chief in Hawaiki. One day, bait began disappearing off the fishhooks of his fishermen. Kupe consulted the priests, who blessed the fishing gear, and Kupe and his people set off to sea again in their canoe. Now when the lines were cast into the sea, many octopi could be seen swarming the lines and taking the bait. The biggest of these octopi was a pet which belonged to the rival chief, Muturangi.

Kupe wanted to kill Muturangi, but he and his fishermen set to sea instead, to chase and kill Muturangi's octopus. They pursued it across the ocean all the way to a new island—a green, undiscovered land, which Kupe's wife Kuramarotini named Aotearoa (meaning “the Land of the Long White Cloud,”). Kupe stepped ashore in the North Island of Aotearoa, where his footprints can still be seen to this day. There are numerous other stories within this Kupe myth, as he and his followers explored the coastline, established camps (which would become settlements), and engaged in many legendary feats. Kupe place names abound, and his connection is strongest with the North Island in the area around the Cook Strait and Wairarapa.

But recent scholarship casts question about this orthodox Kupe myth. It does not accord with a significant portion of Maori traditional storytelling, particularly the whaikorero and whakapapa of many groups. Elements of the orthodox Kupe myth are part of the oral traditions in communities such as the Northland, Wairarapa and even the South Island, but even these diverge or contain additional stories not integrated into the orthodox Kupe myth. The current assessment of the Kupe myth as most commonly known is that it is at best highly syncretized by Smith, and re-incorporated by Maori communities, where it was subsequently regarded as “authenticating” Smith's work.

Kupe, nonetheless, exerts a presence in New Zealand today. In some sense he stands for the precedence of the Maori in settling the islands. An Art Deco statue of him stands on the Wellington Waterfront, and children study Kupe stories in the schools. To ask whether Kupe really did all the things to which he is credited, or to ask for the limits of his historicity seems to miss a broader picture—a picture of how oral tradition play into the Maori's view of their own history, and how this has been interpreted or misinterpreted by the Pakeha who came after them.
icon_leader_kupe
Muturangi, do something about your octopus, or I'll do it for you.

Traits

Civilizations
icon_civilization_maori
Māori

Preferences

Agendas
Kaitiakitanga
Retains natural features in their empire and builds National Parks. Likes civs who respect the environment; dislikes those who treat the planet poorly.
icon_leader_kupe
Muturangi, do something about your octopus, or I'll do it for you.

Traits

Civilizations
icon_civilization_maori
Māori

Preferences

Agendas
Kaitiakitanga
Retains natural features in their empire and builds National Parks. Likes civs who respect the environment; dislikes those who treat the planet poorly.
Unique Ability

Kupe's Voyage

Begin the game in an Ocean tile. Gain a free Builder and +1 Population when settling your first city. The Palace receives +3 Housing and +1 Amenity. +2 Science and +2 Culture per turn before you settle your first city.

Summary
As the only civilization that starts with access to ocean navigation, the Maori have a unique opportunity to choose a desirable coastal homeland that they can cherish and protect.
Detailed Approach
The Maori start the game with Kupe leading them on their voyage across the sea from their mythical homeland of Hawaiki. They must scout for a choice spot to settle and then use their powerful initial city to get caught up quickly. They tread gently on the environment, avoiding clearing forests and harvesting resources, but getting strong yields immediately from coastal and woodland resources. Upon unlocking the Toa, they should make sure their empire is well-defended with a series of Pa fortresses; set up effectively they make any attempt at attacking the Maori exceptionally costly.
Historical Context
According to legend, Kupe is the mythical navigator who sailed from Hawaiki to a new and undiscovered island, thus establishing the Maori people in New Zealand. But this is merely a myth, and the story of the Kupe myth and how it came to occupy a prominence in the culture of New Zealand is an interesting study in its own right.

Some ethnographers refer to an “orthodox” Kupe myth, generally attributed to Stephenson Percy Smith (who in turn credits various Maori sources, and who refers to himself as the “translator.”) In this myth, Kupe was a great chief in Hawaiki. One day, bait began disappearing off the fishhooks of his fishermen. Kupe consulted the priests, who blessed the fishing gear, and Kupe and his people set off to sea again in their canoe. Now when the lines were cast into the sea, many octopi could be seen swarming the lines and taking the bait. The biggest of these octopi was a pet which belonged to the rival chief, Muturangi.

Kupe wanted to kill Muturangi, but he and his fishermen set to sea instead, to chase and kill Muturangi's octopus. They pursued it across the ocean all the way to a new island—a green, undiscovered land, which Kupe's wife Kuramarotini named Aotearoa (meaning “the Land of the Long White Cloud,”). Kupe stepped ashore in the North Island of Aotearoa, where his footprints can still be seen to this day. There are numerous other stories within this Kupe myth, as he and his followers explored the coastline, established camps (which would become settlements), and engaged in many legendary feats. Kupe place names abound, and his connection is strongest with the North Island in the area around the Cook Strait and Wairarapa.

But recent scholarship casts question about this orthodox Kupe myth. It does not accord with a significant portion of Maori traditional storytelling, particularly the whaikorero and whakapapa of many groups. Elements of the orthodox Kupe myth are part of the oral traditions in communities such as the Northland, Wairarapa and even the South Island, but even these diverge or contain additional stories not integrated into the orthodox Kupe myth. The current assessment of the Kupe myth as most commonly known is that it is at best highly syncretized by Smith, and re-incorporated by Maori communities, where it was subsequently regarded as “authenticating” Smith's work.

Kupe, nonetheless, exerts a presence in New Zealand today. In some sense he stands for the precedence of the Maori in settling the islands. An Art Deco statue of him stands on the Wellington Waterfront, and children study Kupe stories in the schools. To ask whether Kupe really did all the things to which he is credited, or to ask for the limits of his historicity seems to miss a broader picture—a picture of how oral tradition play into the Maori's view of their own history, and how this has been interpreted or misinterpreted by the Pakeha who came after them.
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